The only place I've seen this sort of writing for a novel really work is in visiual novels, which as basically all formatted like that if you transcribe them to paper, and they work really well like that because you have everything else setting the scene and doing the heavy lifting. You certainly can write a novel like that, but I think you should ask yourself why are you doing it and what are the pros and cons. For instance, going "Kate: this is what Kate said" really doesn't leave much room for extra descriptions compared to "Kate yelled". You've given an example of basic action, but how would you handle description and scene setting and more detailed action. But this style is also not the norm to read so might put people off, even if it's a good story, not being formatted typically might make people look at it and go nope. Even in amateur sectors like fanfiction, this kind of script style story telling is generally consider unprofessional and skipped over (outside of chat fics which swing between a mess of unfunny memes and actually amazing some of the best stories ever and nothing in between). As yourself are you doing this to be not like other novels, are you doing it to skip the step of working on your grammar and descriptive skills (which I totally would get, dialogue is my strong point and it took me a long while to not use excessive dialogue as a crutch) or is it vital to your novel that it has to be written like this? Is being written like that so important to the novel that it outweighs the drawbacks of using an usual style or is it just easier for you? Are you taking the easy way out? Also, just look up HP Cursed Child reviews to see how well people take to reading stage play styles books. It's not great.
That's not to say novels can't be written unusually, but do you think House of Leaves looks like this:
because it was a cool look? Or because it's important to the plot?
And as for being easier, things that are usual aren't always easier. For instance "it would be easier if things were just spelled how they sound" right? Iain M Banks does this, several chapters are written how they sound in Feersum Endjinn (Fearsome Engine) for plot/character purposes because it's important, but damn is it so hard to read because nothing is how it's supposed to be and that was such a headache I had to put it down several times. And while I'll pick a book back up because I spent money on it, 9/10 times I won't come back to a webnovel if I click off before finishing.