Oh, that's an interesting subject, but a complex one.
One thing that comes first to mind is that in my opinion, the three topics (music, environment and seeing things differently) influences each other in all directions.
If I take my personal case, and the first examples that I can think of:
Environment influences music: My parents were quite eclectic, it's certainly a reason I am too. My dad was listening to too much Italian opera, that's probably part of why I hate it (just got too much of it!).
Music influences environment: Music has always been my favorite topic to speak about, so for a large part of my life, my group of friends was based on that, and it goes further than just a small group. By being part of the music life in a city, we build an entire community around us; and it's a community very different whether it's rock or classical (I did both). (also works for "seeing things differently influences environment", if we are lucky...)
Environment makes us see things differently than peers: it's often the case if we are part of a minority; it was not really my case, but the simple eclecticism of my family provided that.
Seeing things differently influences music tastes: Absolutely! There is first this general understanding that a different, non mainstream kind of music may fit better different, non mainstream kind of people. But sometimes it is not even that active. For example, my love for Arabic music first started when I was a kid and the only other kids who would accept to speak to me were from North African origins, so they influenced me A LOT, including about music. But then, it's actively, that I went from the very specific genre of music they were listening (North African pop/folk) to the immense diversity in genre and local specificities that Arabic music is constituted of.
Maybe from that early experience, but also because it happened again and again in my life, music is for me a excellent mean of communication between different groups of people, would that be different in term of origin, social status, local communities etc anything! and I could even say that the communities that I never managed to create a link with, were these that had, on average, little interest in music, or only interest in music "consumption", with no abilities to speak about music (you know, when all people can tell you about what they like is "it's popular" "they sold Xmillions time this song", but can't actually speak about it). But put me in a community with people I don't have a common language with, and we have instruments, and that will be enough to create a strong link.
And in that, you have so many opportunities for "music influences you to see things differently".
I may like music a bit