So, doing something stylized is a matter of consistent exaggeration. A good shortcut is to remember that certain shape principles never go away.
For example, the fact that the femur and lower leg should be about equal should not change. If you want a character with longer legs, you'd just extend the overall leg, but the parts of the leg should stay equidistant. Anime for example often has super leggy characters.
The hand for instance. You might have larger cartoonish hands as a style, but the proportions of how long the fingers are compared to each other should stay the same. The head is one aspect where you can really play around the proportions of things and still have it work.
These rules aren't absolute, but it prevents things from getting super wonky looking when you're trying to figure out a style.