It may sound kinda stupid, but here it goes: create Pinterest boards dedicated to your comic/story!
Really, it helps a lot. I, myself made lots of board dedicated to outfits that would fit my story setting, weapons that I can see my characters using, hairstyles that would be a new fashion trend or something, even fricken architecture that reminds me of something from my story.
While you build your boards it'll be easier to create something out of all these things that you like or think that would look nice in your story. So yeah, create boards for every little thing and when you want to create a new character just look through the things you pinned and find something to inspire you!
Recently I was brainstorming how I wanted to portray my main protag (for some reason she was always the visually undeveloped one, lol), so I went through my boards for hairstyles first. I chose the ones I felt would both look good on her and match her personality the most. Then I chose the pins of girls that reminded me of my character, so I can have lots of faces and facial features to chose from. And then I looked through my boards with clothing.
So, I gathered everything that inspired me and made me think of my character. I had them laid out before me while I was drawing. First I concentrated on the facial features that I wanted my character to have, like, I wanted her to have this kinda nose or this eyes or eyebrows and from there, I tried to make the other features look right next to them. After the face, I drew her with different hairstyles inspired by my pins and when I felt she looks cool I went to clothing. Now, when it comes to clothing I do it like I do faces. I pick one thing that I like and try to think of different thing would look nice with it. Also, I don't know if it's something worth noting or nah, but it helps immensely if you don't draw lots of details while doing clothing. Just go with the feeling and think of how the shapes look!
Also I love to design characters with certain color aesthetic in mind. Like having a dude that is cold and aloof wearing blue as his character specific color.
So, basically, this is my way of creating characters. I must say that I very much like your way of doing this. Definitely gotta adopt the part about their funds and personality impacting the way they wear their clothes and what they wear.