Yes, absolutely, if you look up "artistic anatomy" and then whatever animal you're looking into, chances are, some artist has gone in and found the ratios for you.
It's also just how we draw, in general--we think in proportions--Your head tends to be the starting area that you measure everything else from--but you can use any part of the body to create those proportions, if you would like.
The formal proportions we memorize for human anatomy are not really set in stone--especially since they are mostly made by Europeans hundreds of years ago, so you will find differences depending on race and also on the ideal height you want for your characters. Same goes for animals (especially since animal "breeds" for dogs or cats are kind of a human invention and not actually...how animals work)