This idea makes sense when you're thinking about the person leaving the rating being unreasonable, but as soon as you imagine the opposite scenario, it seems like it could go very badly. Like, if people could see who rates them, and then you leave a less than stellar rating on a comic you didn't care for, some artists would take it very personally and get extremely angry at you. Even if you weren't trying to sabotage anyone -- you were just using the rating system the way it's meant to be used -- some artists would get angry if you messed up their score.
If your rating appeared next to your name when you comment, many readers would be super shy about leaving negative ratings.... you would only get negative ratings from the most contentious/combative people, because most people don't want to comment just to say "I don't like it," so everyone else would just avoid rating if they didn't like something. I think that's a polite way to handle comments -- you don't need to comment on something if you don't care for it -- but for a rating system, that doesn't work. If only the people who care about your work enough to comment can rate it, then the ratings will all be skewed positive.
If a comic is read by 20 people, and 5 of those people really like it and give it a high rating, and the other 15 don't like it and give it a mediocre rating, then the rating reflects what it's meant to reflect.
But if a comic is read by 20 people, and 5 of those people really like it and give it a high rating, and the other 15 don't like it, but don't HATE it passionately or anything, so they shy away from leaving a rating because it will show their name in some way, then this hypothetical comic's rating is 100% positive with 5 reviews, which is very inaccurate.
I'm not on webtoons, so like, take all this with a grain of salt, but I don't think it would fix ratings -- they'd just be inaccurate in a different way -- and it seems like it could cause problems with creators being mad at negative reviewers.