I think I engage in self-censorship a lot, and often at its most basic level: removing curse words. ^^;
I actually use a lot of profanity in my head, and a little bit of it comes out when I'm typing stuff on the internet, but just like I can't bring myself to say those things IRL, I can't bring myself to write them coming out of a character's mouth. Even when said character is an adult and it might be more realistic...;_;
And I think part of that is because of my usual intended audience: I still think of myself as writing primarily for older kids and pre-teens. And it's not that I think an audience of that age can't handle profanity or that they won't understand it...the true question is, if I decide to write in a character cursing a blue streak, will they (and/or their loved ones) still think this story is 'for them'? Am I creating a story environment that's welcoming to the demographic it's actually meant for?
This is why I think the point @TheLemmaLlama made about accessibility is actually the simplest way to look at the issue. Forget morals, forget societal norms; push all that to the side for a second: the essential question is, how will these creative decisions affect the intended audience of the story? If you're trying to teach them something, are you teaching them? If you're trying to make them feel better about something, are you actually making them feel better? If you're trying to help them, are you actually helping??
And I think the reason a lot of discussions about subject matter and censorship can get so heated is because either (a) people aren't actually considering these questions, or (b) people have incongruent answers about them. Especially in the case of (b): just try to have any kind of meaningful critical discussion about media when you can't even agree on who the intended audience is. ^^;
(a), on the other hand, is primarily the creators' responsibility: you have to consider those questions, because if you don't your viewers will consider them for you...and that's when things tend to get ugly.
For one thing, I think more creators need to start admitting that their intended audience is simpler than they want to think it is. Pretending you have a larger, philosophical goal when you actually don't will do more harm than good to EVERYONE involved, particularly by inviting deep criticism that you probably don't actually want and aren't prepared for.
It makes sense not to bother with self-censorship when you create a story for 'people who like to look at violence'. It makes less sense when you create a story for 'victims of violence seeking closure and understanding for their trauma'. Being honest with yourself and your audience will be better for you in the long run than maintaining some nebulous 'moral high ground'; I guarantee it.
Now, for another thing, I think even more creators need to realize that failing to reach your target audience is a normal occurrence that can happen to anyone: i.e. you're not 'above' offending people or disappointing them. No one is; that's not how it works. ^^;
Those essential questions I proposed like "if you're trying to help, are you actually helping" are just meant to get a creator to consider how their work will affect others, and put in the effort to get those effects to align as closely to their actual goals as possible. That's when self-censorship is at its most valuable, I think: when you don't see it as a way to prevent future criticism or controversy, but as a way to keep your work focused on doing what it's supposed to do and saying what it's supposed to say. It's really just a form of editing.
And on that note, I think it's a little silly to take pride in refusing to self-censor; to me that sounds like refusing to spell-check. ^^; There's nothing really wrong with it, as long as you (a) realize that if you do make a mistake, someone else is probably gonna catch it eventually, and (b) don't give in to that pride and start getting belligerent if someone decides to point that mistake out to you. When you decide not to double-check things or consider the unexpected, you leave yourself open to those outcomes, and the least you can do is own up to them.